中國疾控中心發(fā)布上月全國新型冠狀病毒感染疫情情況顯示，全國范圍內(nèi)流感樣病例新冠病毒陽性率有所上升，從7月1日-7月7日的8.9%持續(xù)上升至7月22日-7月28日的18.7%。主要流行株為奧密克戎變異株，我國主要以JN.1系列變異株和XDV系列變異株為主。

The positivity rate of COVID-19 in China, during the seven-day period ending on July 28, was 18.7 percent, which is more than double from early July. The dominant strains were JN.1 and XDV — both being offshoots of the Omicron variant, according to the data released recently by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

圖源：路透社

但與此同時，全國發(fā)熱門診（診室）診療量在七月小幅波動下降，總體流感樣病例占門（急）診就診人數(shù)比例也小幅下降。新冠引起的重癥和死亡人數(shù)也未見明顯上升。

But at the same time, the cumulative number of visits to fever clinics and the ratio of visits with influenza-like illnesses across hospitals had showed a decline in July. There was also no marked increase in the number of COVID-19-related severe cases and deaths.

根據(jù)國家傳染病醫(yī)學(xué)中心監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在14歲以下的青少年兒童患者中，肺炎支原體和新型冠狀病毒目前為陽性率最高的病原體。在14歲以上的患者中，新型冠狀病毒陽性率最高，其他依次是肺炎支原體、流感嗜血桿菌等呼吸道病原體。

Surveillance data released by National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases shows that mycoplasma pneumoniae is the most common respiratory infection among teenagers and children aged 14 and under, followed by the novel coronavirus, the most common among those aged above 14.

華山感染公眾號發(fā)文表示，“這些數(shù)據(jù)提示，夏季流感等病毒感染占比下降，新型冠狀病毒感染人數(shù)有上升，占比升高?！?/p>

Data suggests that while influenza flu cases and other viral infections are on the decline this summer, the number of COVID-19 infections are rising, said the Center for Infectious Diseases at the Shanghai-based Huashan Hospital of Fudan University.

新冠病例數(shù)上升也引起了世衛(wèi)組織的注意。

8月6日，世界衛(wèi)生組織在記者會上分析了目前全球的新冠疫情形勢：

1. The rate of positive tests for SARS-CoV-2 has been rising over several weeks. The test positivity is above 10 percent on average while in Europe it is above 20 percent.

新冠病毒檢測呈陽性的百分比在過去幾周里一直在上升?？傮w而言，檢測呈陽性的比例超過了 10%。在歐洲，陽性率超過 20%。

2. New waves of infection have been registered in the Americas, Europe and the Western Pacific.

美洲、歐洲和西太平洋地區(qū)都出現(xiàn)了新的感染潮。

3. Wastewater surveillance suggests the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 is from two to 20 times, higher than current figures suggest.

廢水監(jiān)測表明，新冠病毒的流行比目前的數(shù)字高出2到20倍。

世衛(wèi)組織的瑪麗亞·范·克爾科夫說道：“新冠病毒仍然揮之不去，在所有國家傳播。”

世衛(wèi)組織表示，短期內(nèi)，新冠病毒感染上升的趨勢不會改善，并且，更嚴(yán)重的病毒變種可能會出現(xiàn)。

圖源：路透社

那我們需要擔(dān)心又一波新冠疫情高峰嗎？

國家傳染病醫(yī)學(xué)中心主任、復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬華山醫(yī)院感染科主任張文宏發(fā)文表示，全球新型冠狀病毒感染都進(jìn)入類似的波動性區(qū)間。

以美國為例，其自2023年8月至今發(fā)生了3次新冠流行，基本以5-6月為一周期交替，而流行的主要原因為毒株的變異（2023年底JN.1，近期KP.3）和階段性免疫屏障衰減的交叉混合導(dǎo)致。

Zhang Wenhong, head of the Center for Infectious Diseases at the Shanghai-based Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, said that COVID-19 infections have seen similar fluctuation globally. “The United States, for example, has experienced three waves of COVID-19 infection since August last year, which follows a repeated cycle of every five to six months.”

周期性波動特點與毒株變異以及階段性免疫屏障強(qiáng)度波動相關(guān)。根據(jù)目前對2023年5月、8月和2024年2月起的三次新冠波動流行監(jiān)測結(jié)果可見，因毒株的不斷變異和免疫屏障的階段性衰減，新型冠狀病毒已與流行性感冒等呼吸道傳染性疾病類似，逐漸成為我國階段性流行的呼吸道疾病，但其疾病的嚴(yán)重程度已維持較為穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。

目前，此次出現(xiàn)的新型冠狀病毒感染，在7月處于上升階段，但根據(jù)整體趨勢顯示，此次感染整體就診人數(shù)相較于去年秋冬季高峰還較低，不會對當(dāng)前的醫(yī)療資源和人群造成嚴(yán)重的疾病負(fù)擔(dān)。

He said that the COVID-19 has evolved to become a periodic respiratory disease similar to influenza flu, and the severity of symptoms are stable. “Although COVID-19 infections had been rising last month, the total number of hospital visits were lower than the peak seen during the past autumn and winter seasons. So, the increase will neither strain healthcare resources nor impose a heavy disease burden,” he added.

對于普通公眾來說，專家建議采取適當(dāng)?shù)慕】捣雷o(hù)措施。

中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心研究員王麗萍表示，夏秋交替，天氣變化不定，人體的呼吸系統(tǒng)是最容易受到侵襲，所以像我們身邊的老年人、兒童、體弱者、營養(yǎng)不良的以及一些慢性基礎(chǔ)性疾病的患者，容易在這個時節(jié)感染包括流感在內(nèi)的一些呼吸道傳染病。

Wang Liping, a researcher at the China CDC, said that the elderly, children, people with weakened immunity and insufficient nutrition and patients with chronic diseases should be particularly cautious against respiratory illnesses this summer.

針對這種情況，王麗萍表示，公眾首先要樹立自己是健康第一責(zé)任人的理念，要保持健康的生活方式，養(yǎng)成良好的衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣，增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，提高抵抗力，這是我們保持健康的王道。

其次，公眾應(yīng)該掌握健康技能，根據(jù)溫度的變化，及時調(diào)整衣物；還要積極接種疫苗，像流感、肺炎疫苗等等，這種疫苗能夠起到有效保護(hù)作用，尤其對老年人、兒童、一些慢性基礎(chǔ)性疾病的易感人群，可以減少感染發(fā)病以及發(fā)生重癥的風(fēng)險。

此外，還要做好健康監(jiān)測，出現(xiàn)例如發(fā)熱、流涕、咽痛等呼吸系統(tǒng)癥狀的時候，要盡量保持休息的狀態(tài)，根據(jù)情況及時就醫(yī)。

記者：王小予

編輯：李雪晴